Second Law of Thermodynamics Class 12 Physics Notes and Numericals

If you were searching for the notes of Second Law of Thermodynamics chapter of Class 12 Physics, then your search is over now. You'll find the complete notes in this article. You'll also find the PDF which you can download and use for study purpose.

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Second Law of Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics falls under heat and thermodynamics of class 12 physics. Second Law of Thermodynamics Class 12 Physics Notes is designed according to the updated syllabus of 2080 and it covers all the important portion of the chapter. Students can easily prepare their notes, study for test or exams by taking the help of class 12 Second Law of Thermodynamics Notes.

  Chapter – 5  
Second Law of Thermodynamics 

The first law of thermodynamics deals about the conservation of energy. When a hot body placed in thermal contact with cold body, heat starts to flow from body at higher mean temperature to the body at lower mean temperature but never in the reverse direction.

If heat was made to flow from body at lower mean temperature to the body at higher mean temperature, energy would still be conserved. Yet it does not happen. Therefore, first law of thermodynamics can’t explain the direction of flow of heat

  Chapter Overview  
In this chapter we are going to learn the following concepts, ideas or topics;

  • Heat Engine
  • Carnot Engine
  • Refrigerator
  • Kelvin Temperature Scale
  • Entropy

Now let’s move on to the notes of second law of thermodynamics. The PDF given below contains all the notes which includes all the topics mentioned in the chapter overview. We request students to use the notes of Second Law of Thermodynamics wisely for the purpose of making notes and preparing for the board examination. 

You have to scroll down the PDF to view all the notes of Second Law of Thermodynamics. This PDF contains 7 slides in total which contains all the required notes of second law of thermodynamics. It doesn’t contains the numerical problems so if you are searching for the numericals then you’ll find them in the next PDF given below. 

Kelvin-Planck’s Statement

It states that ‘It is impossible to design a device that works on a cycle and produces no other effect other than heat transfer from a single body for the production of work”. leaThis statement is applicable to heat engines. In a heat engine, the working substance absorbs some heat from the source converts a part of heat into mechanical work and rejects the remaining part to the sink.

Second Law of Thermodynamics Class 12 Physics Numerical Questions 

Those students who want to practice the numericals from second law of thermodynamics chapter can practice the questions given in the PDF below. We have solved the selected numericals which will provide you the method of solving the numericals. 

This PDF contains all the important numericals from second law of thermodynamics chapter. In addition to the numericals it also contains all the required formulas used for solving the numerical problems of this chapter. 

If you are willing to practise more numerical problems for your examination then you can practice the questions listed below. 

  • The efficiency of a Carnot cycle is 15%. If on reducing the temperature of sink by 65°C, the efficiency becomes double, find the temperature of source and sink. [Ans: 433.33K, 368.33K]
  • An ideal heat engine operates between two reservoirs at two temperatures. In order to achieve 30% efficiency when the temperature of the sink is 50°C, what should be the temperature of the source? [Ans: 461.43 K]
  • A diesel engine performs 2200 J of mechanical work and discards 4300 J of heat each cycle. (i) How much heat must be supplied to the engine in each cycle? (ii) What is the thermal efficiencyof the engine? [Ans: 6,500 J, 33.85%]
  • A Carnot engine works between the source and the sink with 25%. efficiency How much temperature of the source be raised keeping the sink at the same constant temperature at 27°C so that the efficiency is increased by 15%? [Ans: 100k]
  • A carnot engine absorbs heat from a reservoir at the temperature 127°C. If the engine absorbs 1000 calories of heat from the high temperature reservoir, find the work done and the efficiency, assuming temperature of sink is 0°C. [Ans: 1333.5J, 31.75%]

These questions are provided for practising purposes. So we haven’t provided the solutions of the numerical problems. However, if you are facing problems while solving these numericals then we request you to copy the questions and paste it in Google to get the solutions of that numericals. If that doesn’t work then you can contact us through our telegram channel to get the solutions.

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Hello, I'm Sanjeev Mangrati. Writing is my way of sharing thoughts, perspectives, and ideas that empower me. I thoroughly enjoy writing and have published many informative articles. I believe knowledge and understanding can put you one step ahead in the clamorous race of life!
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